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第十八章
一场永远的革命
工业革命找出新方法来进行能量转换和商品生产，于是人类对于周遭生态系统的依赖大减。结果就是人类开始砍伐森林、抽干沼泽、筑坝挡河、水漫平原，再铺上总长数万公里的铁路，并兴建摩天大都会。世界越来越被塑造成适合智人需求的样子，但其他物种的栖地就遭到破坏，这让它们迅速灭绝。地球曾经是一片蓝天绿地，但现在已经成了混凝土和塑料构成的商场。
今天，地球上住着大约70亿的智人。如果把所有人放上一个大磅秤，总重量约达3亿吨。另外，如果把所有家禽家畜（牛、猪、羊、鸡等等）也放在另一个更大的磅秤上，总重更足足达到7亿吨。但相比之下，如果把所有还幸存的大型野生动物（包括豪猪、企鹅、大象和鲸鱼等等）也拿来称，总重量已经不到1亿吨。我们在童书、各种影像和电视上还是常常看到长颈鹿、狼和黑猩猩，但在现实世界里，这些物种都已所剩无几。全球大概只剩下8万只长颈鹿，但牛有15亿头；灰狼只剩20万只，但狗有4亿只；黑猩猩只剩25万只，相比之下，人有70亿。可见，人类真的已经称霸全球。[1]