)
They asked/begged/urged that relief work should be given priority.
他们要求/请求/敦促将救济工作放在优先位置。
They asked/begged/urged the authorities to give relief work priority. 他们要求/请求/催促当局将救济工作放在优先位置。
(参见第243节。)
He commanded that the army should advance.
他命令部队前进。(他不一定与部队在一起。)
He commanded the army to advance.
他命令部队前进。(他很可能跟部队在一起。)
She determined/was determined that he should study music.
她下决心要他学习音乐。
She determined/was determined to let him/make him study music.
她下决心要让他学习音乐。
She insisted that he should study music/insisted on his studying music.
她坚持他必须学习音乐。(参见第262节。)
He ordered that Ann should go.
他命令安必须走。(他大概是要某人转告安。)
He ordered Ann to go.
他命令安走开。(他大概是直接告诉她的。)(参见第320节。)
He ordered that the goods should be sent by air.
他命令货物得空运。
He ordered the goods to be sent by air.
他命令把货物空运。
He proposed/suggested that we should try homeopathic remedies.
他推荐/建议我们应该试一试顺势疗法。(参见第289节。)
He proposed/suggested that homeopathic remedies should be tried.
他推荐/建议说顺势疗法应该试一试的。
He proposed/suggested(our) trying homeopathic remedies.
他推荐/建议(我们)试一试顺势疗法。
They stipulated that the best materials should be used.
他们指定要求用最好的材料。
They stipulated for the best materials to be used.
他们指定,要将最好的材料用上。
有时be前面的should可省略。(参见第291节C。)
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[Amber demo]
236 it is/was+形容词+ that… should结构
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A that…should结构可以用于 it is/was advisable, better, de- sirable, essential, imperative, important, natural, necessary之后;也可用于fair(=just),just,right 之后(这几个词前面常
加 only)以及 reasonable之后,以代替 for+不定式结构:
It is advisable that everyone should have a map.
最好每一个人都有一张地图。
It is better for him to hear it from you.
让他从你那儿得知消息(对他)更好些。
It is better that he should hear it from you.
最好让他从你那儿得知这个消息。
It is essential for him to be prepared for this.
有必要让他对此有所准备。
It is essential that he should be prepared for this.
(译文同上。)
It is only right that she should have a share.
应该有她一份才对。
有时should在be之前可省略:
It is essential that he be prepared.
B that…should 结构可以用在 it is/was absurd, amazing, an- noying, ludicrous,odd, ridiculous, strange, surprising之类的形容词后面,以代替that+现在时态/过去时态结构:
It is ridiculous that we should be(=that we are) short of water in a country where it is always raining,
在经常下雨的国家里我们竟然会缺水,这简直是荒谬。
说过去的事情时有时用不定式的完成式:
It is amazing that she should have said(=that she said) nothing about the murder.
令人惊奇的是她对这桩凶杀案竟然不置一词。
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[Amber demo]
237 should的其他用法
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A 当说话人对某种设想是否合理或正当提出疑问时,可把
should用于 can’ t think why/don’t know why/see no reason why:等后面:
I don’t know why you should think that I did it.
我真不知道你凭什么竟会认为这件事是我干的。
I see no reason why you should interfere in their quarrel.
我不明白你有什么理由竟然会介入他们的争吵。
当这种设想与过去的事情有关时则用完成式:
I can’t think why he should have said that it was my fault.
我真不明白他怎么能说这是我的过错。
B 作为一种惯用表达法,should与 what,where,who连用以形象生动地表达惊奇的感情:
What should I find but an enormous spider!
怎么也想不到我看见的竟是一只巨大的蜘蛛!
这种惊奇经常掺杂着令人为难的因素:
Who should come in but his first wife!
怎么也想不到进来的竟是他的前妻!
C should用在 lest后面,有时也用在 in case后面:
1 在书面语中,lest…should结构有时放在表示惧怕或担心的词后面:
He was terrified lest he should slip on the icy rocks.
他害怕在结冰的石块上滑倒。
对过去的动作表示担心时用should+完成式:
She began to be worried lest he should have met with some accident.
她开始担心他出了什么事。
2 lest也可用于目的从句,表示 for fear that(惟恐):
He dared not spend the money lest someone should ask where he had got it.
他不敢花这笔钱,怕有人问他钱是从哪儿来的。
如上所示这是一种书面形式。
在这种情况下 in case较 lest更常用,后面可跟 should或一般现在时或一般过去时:
in case someone should ask/someone asked
惟恐万一有人问起(另参见第227节与第337节。)
D should 有时用于目的从句以代替 would/could:
He wore a mask so that no one should recognize him.
他戴了一个面罩,好让别人认不出他来。